21. Spores

Spores allow for asexual propagation of a species because, unlike gametes, spores contain both male and female reproductive parts. Reproduction begins when a dry surrounding atmosphere increases pressure within the plant, causing spores to emerge on the plant's exterior. These spores are then spread by animals, wind or water and once relocated will begin the growth of a new plant. A fern's spores are small rust colored dots that develop on the underside of its fronds. While hard to see at first, the spores on this fern can be seen in the upper left corner of the image.